1. Variable capital is almost exclusively a component of circulating capital.2. The source of surplus value comes instead from Variable capital or labor power. 3. The concept of constant vs . variable capital contrasts with that of classical economists ). 4. This affects the magnitude of a society's variable capital and the value of labour power. 5. Variable capital by contrast refers to the capital outlay on labour costs insofar as they represent workers'earnings.6. Furthermore, the remainder of variable capital available is directed towards hiring workers with the expertise skills to operate new machinery. 7. The number of labourers commanded by capital may remain the same, or even fall, while the variable capital increases. 8. As noted above, the distinction between constant and variable capital overlaps with the distinction between fixed capital and circulating capital. 9. Increase of variable capital , in this case, becomes an index of more labour, but not of more labourers employed. 10. This is because in contrast to the constant capital expended on means of production, variable capital can add value in the labor process.
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